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Evaluation of the Foliar Application of Graphene Oxide and Nutrient Elements on Growth, Yield, and Physiological Traits of Greenhouse Tomato under Hydroponic Conditions
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Mehdi Abdolmaleki   , Abdolmajid Mirzaalian Dastjerdi , Hamidreza Roosta , Leila Jafari |
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Abstract: (181 Views) |
This study evaluated the effects of foliar application of graphene oxide (GO) at 50, 100, and 150 mg L⁻¹ combined with potassium (351 mg L⁻¹), calcium (190 mg L⁻¹), magnesium (60 mg L⁻¹), phosphorus (47 mg L⁻¹), and nitrogen (189 mg L⁻¹) on growth, yield, and fruit quality of greenhouse tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum cv. Sakhiya) under hydroponic conditions. The experiment was arranged as a factorial based on a completely randomized design with six replications. Maximum stem length and stem diameter were recorded in potassium + 150 mg L⁻¹ GO and calcium + 100 mg L⁻¹ GO treatments, respectively, compared with the control. Shoot fresh and dry weight and root fresh weight were highest under calcium + 150 mg L⁻¹ GO, while root dry weight was maximized in magnesium + 150 mg L⁻¹ GO treatment. Yield per plant was significantly enhanced in all GO–nutrient treatments, with the highest value (11.72 kg plant⁻¹) obtained from 50 mg L⁻¹ GO + potassium, representing a 36.77% increase compared with the control. Overall, combined application of graphene oxide and nutrient elements markedly improved growth performance, fruit quality and yield relative to untreated plants.
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| Keywords: Graphene oxide, Greenhouse tomato, Foliar application, Nutrient elements, Plant yield |
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Type of Study: Research |
Subject:
Plant nutrition
Received: 2026/01/23 | Accepted: 2026/04/26 | Published: 2026/05/16
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