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Polyploidy Induction and Assessing Its Morpho-Physiological effects’ in 'Askari' Grapevine
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Zahra Ataei   , Ali Gharaghani , Saeid Eshghi |
| Shiraz University & - |
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Abstract: (488 Views) |
Polyploidy is a condition in which organisms possess more than two sets of haploid chromosomes, resulting from abnormal chromosome separation during cell division. It can be used as a breeding technique to optimize vegetative and reproductive parameters in crops by changing the total nuclear genome content. To determine the optimal concentration of oryzalin for polyploidy induction in the grapevine cultivar 'Askari', as well as to assess its impact on the morpho-physiological parameters, this research was carried out in a completely randomized design. The experiment comprised three treatment groups, including 0, 30, and 60 μmol of oryzalin. The oryzalin treatments were applied by gently dabbing the buds with a cotton swab at the bud color change stage, just before to the bud break. The results of the research indicated that a concentration of 60 μmol of oryzalin was more efficient for polyploidy induction than the 30 μmol (11.66% compared to 3.66%, respectively). A comparison of the original diploid plants and the induced tetraploids revealed that the diploid plants exhibited enhanced shoot growth in contrast to the tetraploids. Conversely, the tetraploid plants demonstrated advantages in terms of stomatal density (26.1 per mm2 compared to 15.33 per mm2), leaf length (3.82 μm compared to 2.26 μm), and leaf width (3.67 μm compared to 1.51 μm). Additionally, tetraploid plants had higher chlorophyll content than their diploid counterparts. There was no difference in the accumulation of soluble sugars and starch in the leaves of diploid and tetraploid plants, while diploid plants demonstrated higher quantity of total phenols. In summary, the use of the anti-mitotic agent oryzalin could be used as an efficient method for inducing polyploidy in the grapevine cultivar 'Askari'. Although polyploidy can improve certain leaf traits and it may also decrease grapevine growth rate. This research provides preliminary insights into the effects of oryzalin-induced polyploidy on morpho-physiological traits of grapevine cultivar 'Askari'; however, further investigation is required to fully understand the implications of this method. |
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| Keywords: Oryzalin, Stomata density, Anti-mitotic, Flow cytometry |
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Full-Text [PDF 578 kb]
(103 Downloads)
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Type of Study: Research |
Subject:
Pomology
Received: 2024/06/10 | Accepted: 2024/08/17 | Published: 2024/10/12
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