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A Structured Review of Plant Health Monitoring and Preventive Management in Greenhouses: From Computer Vision and Early Warning to Intelligent Control
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Zahra Ghavamipour   , Alireza Babaei , Mostafa Shamsi |
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Abstract: (39 Views) |
While state-of-the-art computer vision and multi-sensor technologies now offer presymptomatic detection of biotic and abiotic stresses in controlled environment agriculture, a critical strategic gap remains: the translation of this high-fidelity health data into automated, preventive control actions. Plant health monitoring systems largely remain stuck at the "current status diagnosis" layer, while intelligent climate and irrigation controllers operate in parallel, predominantly based on environmental setpoints (temperature, humidity, CO₂) and largely blind to direct plant health signals. This structured review, employing a PRISMA-lite methodology, a simplified adaptation of the PRISMA reporting framework, analyzed 44 core studies from 523 initial Scopus records to quantitatively dissect this disconnect. Our findings starkly illustrate the chasm: while 66% of studies feature health monitoring and 36% involve a control component, a mere 11% (only 5 studies) have explicitly linked a plant health output—such as a Crop Water Stress Index or pest pressure level—to a closed-loop automated control decision. The primary bottleneck is identified not in sensing or control architecture per se, but in the missing middle: the lack of predictive models capable of converting diagnostic imagery into a quantitative, time-bound "risk score" (e.g., probability of wilting within 24 hours) that can serve as a state variable for a model predictive controller. We propose a unified, health-aware framework where the outer control loop follows a "continuous monitoring → quantitative risk forecasting → early warning → preventive actuation" continuum, effectively placing the plant, rather than the environment, at the center of the decision-making paradigm. This review concludes that the future of truly intelligent greenhouses lies in this fundamental architectural shift from environment-centric to plant-centric control, unlocking profound, simultaneous reductions in water, pesticide, and energy consumption—a critical pathway to economic and environmental sustainability for water-scarce, arid climates like Iran.
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| Keywords: Plant health, water stress, presymptomatic diagnosis, intelligent greenhouse management, preventive control, water use optimization, protected cultivation |
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Type of Study: Applicable |
Subject:
Greenhouse crops
Received: 2026/05/8 | Accepted: 2026/06/15 | Published: 2026/06/15
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