fa بررسی پاسخ‌‌های رشدی و فتوسنتزی سه رقم گل‌‌کاغذی (Bougainvillea glabra) در شرایط تنش‌ بی‌‌کربنات سدیم و آهن تنش های محیطی Environmental stresses پژوهشي Research <div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="line-height: normal;"><span style="direction: rtl;"><span style="unicode-bidi: embed;"><span style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;"><span lang="FA" style="font-size: 12pt;"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">آزمایشی گلخانه‌‌ای برای بررسی پاسخ‌‌های سه رقم گل‌‌کاغذی به سطوح مختلف بی‌‌کربنات سدیم و کلات آهن به صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوک‌‌های</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size: 12pt;"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">کامل تصادفی با 4 تکرار انجام شد. تیمارهای آزمایش شامل سه سطح بی‌‌کربنات (صفر، 15 و 30 میلی‌‌مولار) و سه سطح کلات آهن </span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">FeEDDHA</span></span><span style="font-size: 12pt;"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"> ((30 میکرومولار (نرمال)، 3 میکرومولار (کمبود) و 60 میکرومولار (بیش‌‌بود) و سه رقم گل‌‌کاغذی </span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">ʻBarbara Karstʼ</span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size: 12pt;"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">، </span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">ʻJamaica whiteʼ</span></span><span style="font-size: 12pt;"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"> و </span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">ʻLady Mary Baringʼ</span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size: 12pt;"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">)) بودند. نتایج نشان داد که میزان وزن تر و خشک اندام هوایی و ریشه، محتوای نسبی آب برگ، میزان تعرق و هدایت روزنه‌‌ای با افزایش تنش قلیایی کاهش یافت. همچنین تیمار 30 میلی‌‌مولار بی‌‌کربنات سدیم به همراه 60 میکرومولار کلات آهن نسبت به غلظت‌‌های پایین‌‌تر سبب افزایش میزان نشت یونی و کارایی مصرف آب شد. میزان نشت یونی در سه رقم گل‌‌کاغذی در پاسخ به تنش قلیایی افزایش یافت. میزان محتوای نسبی آب برگ در رقم </span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span arial="" style="font-family:">ʻ</span><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Barbara Krastʼ</span></span><span style="font-size: 12pt;"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">با افزودن قلیاییت تا 30 میلی‌‌مولار 75/27% کاهش یافت. گرچه در رقم‌‌های&nbsp;</span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Jamaica whiteʼ</span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">ʻ</span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size: 12pt;"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"> و </span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">ʻLady Mary Baringʼ</span></span><span style="font-size: 12pt;"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"> به ترتیب 49/26% و 1/2% کاهش یافت. قابل ذکر است که در غلظت‌های بالای بی‌‌کربنات سدیم و آهن (30 میلی‌مولار و 60 میکرومولار)، میزان فتوسنتز به‌ترتیب حدود 14/45%، 80/49% و 32/57% در رقم‌‌های </span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">ʻBarbara Krastʼ</span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size: 12pt;"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">، </span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">ʻJamaica whiteʼ</span></span><span b="" nazanin="" style=""><span style="font-size: 12pt;"> و</span><span style="font-size: 14.6667px;">&nbsp;</span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">ʻLady Mary Baringʼ</span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size: 12pt;"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">کاهش یافت. بر اساس نتایج این پژوهش، به نظر می‌‌رسد که رقم </span></span><span style="font-size: 11pt;">&nbsp;</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">ʻBarbara Krastʼ</span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size: 12pt;"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">نسبت به رقم</span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">ʻJamaica whiteʼ </span></span><span style="font-size: 12pt;"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">&nbsp;و </span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">ʻLady Mary Baringʼ</span></span><span style="font-size: 12pt;"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"> تحمل بالاتری نسبت به تنش بی‌‌کربنات سدیم دارد.</span></span></span></span></span></span></div> <br> &nbsp; <div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">In a greenhouse experiment, the responses of three varieties of paper flowers to varying levels of sodium bicarbonate and iron chelate were studied. This investigation was structured as a randomized complete block design with four replications. The treatments included three levels of bicarbonate (0, 15, and 30 mM) and three levels of FeEDDHA iron chelate [(3 &mu;M (deficiency), 30 &mu;M (normal), and 60 &mu;M (excess)] and three cultivars of paper flowers (</span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span arial="" style="font-family:">ʻ</span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Barbara Karst</span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span arial="" style="font-family:">ʼ</span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">, </span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span arial="" style="font-family:">ʻ</span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Jamaica white</span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span arial="" style="font-family:">ʼ</span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">, and </span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span arial="" style="font-family:">ʻ</span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Lady Mary Baring</span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span arial="" style="font-family:">ʼ</span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">). The results showed that the fresh and dry weight of shoot and root, relative water content, transpiration rate, and stomatal conductance decreased with increasing alkaline stress. Additionally, the treatment of 30 mM sodium bicarbonate and 60 &mu;M iron chelate increased the amount of ion leakage and water use efficiency compared to lower concentrations. The ion leakage levels in the three flower-paper cultivars rose in response to alkaline stress. The relative leaf water content in the </span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span arial="" style="font-family:">ʻ</span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Barbara Karst</span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span arial="" style="font-family:">ʼ</span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""> cultivar decreased by 27.75% with rising alkalinity up to 30 mM. However, in the </span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span arial="" style="font-family:">ʻ</span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Jamaica white</span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span arial="" style="font-family:">ʼ</span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""> and </span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span arial="" style="font-family:">ʻ</span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Lady Mary Baring</span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span arial="" style="font-family:">ʼ</span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""> cultivars, these reductions were 26.49% and 2.1%, respectively. Notably, under high concentrations of sodium bicarbonate and iron (30 mM and 60 &mu;M), the photosynthesis rates decreased significantly by approximately 45.14%, 49.80%, and 57.32% in the </span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span arial="" style="font-family:">ʻ</span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Barbara Karst</span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span arial="" style="font-family:">ʼ</span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">, </span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span arial="" style="font-family:">ʻ</span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Jamaica white</span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span arial="" style="font-family:">ʼ</span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">, and </span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span arial="" style="font-family:">ʻ</span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Lady Mary Baring</span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span arial="" style="font-family:">ʼ</span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""> cultivars, respectively. Based on the results, it is evident that the </span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span arial="" style="font-family:">ʻ</span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Barbara Karst</span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span arial="" style="font-family:">ʼ</span></span> <span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">cultivar exhibited superior tolerance to sodium bicarbonate stress compared to the </span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span arial="" style="font-family:">ʻ</span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Jamaica white</span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span arial="" style="font-family:">ʼ</span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""> and </span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span arial="" style="font-family:">ʻ</span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Lady Mary Baring</span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span arial="" style="font-family:">ʼ</span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""> cultivars.</span></span></span></span></span><br> &nbsp;</div> <br> &nbsp; رقم, فتوسنتز, قلیایی, کلات آهن, گل‌‌کاغذی Alkalinity, Cultivar, Iron chelate, Photosynthesis, Paper flower 211 224 http://journal-irshs.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-927-1&slc_lang=fa&sid=1 Neda Javidan ندا جاویدان javidanneda1998@gmai.com 100319475328460010420 100319475328460010420 No Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز Somayeh Esmaeili سمیه اسماعیلی sesmaeili61@gmail.com 100319475328460010421 100319475328460010421 Yes Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز Mehrangiz Chehrazi مهرانگیز چهرازی chehrai_m@yahoo.com 100319475328460010422 100319475328460010422 No Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز Shohreh Zivdar شهره زیودار zivdar_s@scu.ac.ir 100319475328460010423 100319475328460010423 No Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز